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High Performance Fortran
Language Specification

High Performance Fortran Forum

November 10, 1994
Version 1.1

The High Performance Fortran Forum (HPFF), with participation from over 40 organizations, met from March 1992 to March 1993 to discuss and define a set of extensions to Fortran called High Performance Fortran (HPF). Our goal was to address the problems of writing data parallel programs for architectures where the distribution of data impacts performance. While we hope that the HPF extensions will become widely available, HPFF is not sanctioned or supported by any official standards organization. The HPFF had a second series of meetings from April 1994 to October 1994 to consider requests for corrections, clarifications, and interpretations to the Version 1.0 HPF document and also to develop user requirements for possible future changes to HPF.

This is the Final Report, Version 1.1, of the High Performance Fortran Forum 1994 meetings. This document contains all the technical features proposed for the version of the language known as HPF 1.1 This copy of the draft was processed by LaTex on Thu Dec 8 17:24:12 CST 1994 .

HPFF encourages requests for interpretation of this document, and comments on the language defined here. We will give our best effort to answering interpretation questions, and general comments will be considered in future HPFF language specifications.

Please send interpretation requests to hpff-interpret@cs.rice.edu. Your request is archived and forwarded to a group of HPFF committee members who attempt to respond to it.

The text of interpretation requests becomes the property of Rice University.

©1994 Rice University, Houston Texas. Permission to copy without fee all or part of this material is granted, provided the Rice University copyright notice and the title of this document appear, and notice is given that copying is by permission of Rice University.

• Contents
  • HPFF Acknowledgements
  • HPFF94 Acknowledgements
• Overview
  • Goals and Scope of High Performance Fortran
  • Fortran 90 Binding
  • New Features in High Performance Fortran
    • Data Distribution Features
    • Data Parallel Execution Features
    • Extended Intrinsic Functions and Standard Library
    • Extrinsic Procedures
    • Sequence and Storage Association
  • Fortran 90 and Subset HPF
  • Notation
  • HPF-Conforming and Subset-Conforming
  • Journal of Development
    • VIEW Directive
    • Nested WHERE Statements
    • EXECUTE-ON-HOME and LOCAL-ACCESS Directives
    • Elemental Reference of Pure Procedures
    • Parallel I/O
  • HPF2 Scope of Activities Document
  • Organization of this Document
• High Performance Fortran Terms and Concepts
  • Fortran 90
  • The HPF Model
    • Simple Communication Examples
    • Aggregate Communication Examples
    • Interaction of Communication and Parallelism
  • Syntax of Directives
• Data Alignment and Distribution Directives
  • Model
  • Syntax of Data Alignment and Distribution Directives
  • DISTRIBUTE and REDISTRIBUTE Directives
  • ALIGN and REALIGN Directives
  • DYNAMIC Directive
  • Allocatable Arrays and Pointers
  • PROCESSORS Directive
  • TEMPLATE Directive
  • INHERIT Directive
  • Alignment, Distribution, and Subprogram Interfaces
• Data Parallel Statements and Directives
  • The FORALL Statement
    • General Form of Element Array Assignment
    • Interpretation of Element Array Assignments
    • Examples of the FORALL Statement
    • Scalarization of the FORALL Statement
    • Consequences of the Definition of the FORALL Statement
  • The FORALL Construct
    • General Form of the FORALL Construct
    • Interpretation of the FORALL Construct
    • Examples of the FORALL Construct
    • Scalarization of the FORALL Construct
    • Consequences of the Definition of the FORALL Construct
  • Pure Procedures
    • Pure Procedure Declaration and Interface
      • Pure function definition
      • Pure subroutine definition
      • Pure procedure interfaces
    • Pure Procedure Reference
    • Examples of Pure Procedure Usage
    • Comments on Pure Procedures
  • The INDEPENDENT Directive
    • Examples of INDEPENDENT
    • Visualization of INDEPENDENT Directives
• Intrinsic and Library Procedures
  • Notation
  • System Inquiry Intrinsic Functions
  • Computational Intrinsic Functions
  • Library Procedures
    • Mapping Inquiry Subroutines
    • Bit Manipulation Functions
    • Array Reduction Functions
    • Array Combining Scatter Functions
    • Array Prefix and Suffix Functions
    • Array Sorting Functions
  • Generic Intrinsic and Library Procedures
    • System inquiry intrinsic functions
    • Array location intrinsic functions
    • Mapping inquiry subroutines
    • Bit manipulation functions
    • Array reduction functions
    • Array combining scatter functions
    • Array prefix and suffix functions
    • Array sort functions
  • Specifications of Intrinsic Procedures
    • ILEN(I)
    • MAXLOC(ARRAY, DIM, MASK)
    • MINLOC(ARRAY, DIM, MASK)
    • NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS(DIM)
    • PROCESSORS_SHAPE()
  • Specifications of Library Procedures
    • ALL_PREFIX(MASK, DIM, SEGMENT, EXCLUSIVE)
    • ALL_SCATTER(MASK,BASE,INDX1, ..., INDXn)
    • ALL_SUFFIX(MASK, DIM, SEGMENT, EXCLUSIVE)
    • ANY_PREFIX(MASK, DIM, SEGMENT, EXCLUSIVE)
    • ANY_SCATTER(MASK,BASE,INDX1, ..., INDXn)
    • ANY_SUFFIX(MASK, DIM, SEGMENT, EXCLUSIVE)
    • COPY_PREFIX(ARRAY, DIM, SEGMENT)
    • COPY_SCATTER(ARRAY,BASE,INDX1, ..., INDXn, MASK)
    • COPY_SUFFIX(ARRAY, DIM, SEGMENT)
    • COUNT_PREFIX(MASK, DIM, SEGMENT, EXCLUSIVE)
    • COUNT_SCATTER(MASK,BASE,INDX1, ..., INDXn)
    • COUNT_SUFFIX(MASK, DIM, SEGMENT, EXCLUSIVE)
    • GRADE_DOWN(ARRAY,DIM)
    • GRADE_UP(ARRAY,DIM)
    • HPF_ALIGNMENT(ALIGNEE, LB, UB, STRIDE, AXIS_MAP, IDENTITY_MAP, DYNAMIC, NCOPIES)
    • HPF_TEMPLATE(ALIGNEE, TEMPLATE_RANK, LB, UB, AXIS_TYPE, AXIS_INFO, NUMBER_ALIGNED, DYNAMIC)
    • HPF_DISTRIBUTION(DISTRIBUTEE, AXIS_TYPE, AXIS_INFO, PROCESSORS_RANK, PROCESSORS_SHAPE)
    • IALL(ARRAY, DIM, MASK)
    • IALL_PREFIX(ARRAY, DIM, MASK, SEGMENT, EXCLUSIVE)
    • IALL_SCATTER(ARRAY,BASE,INDX1, ..., INDXn, MASK)
    • IALL_SUFFIX(ARRAY, DIM, MASK, SEGMENT, EXCLUSIVE)
    • IANY(ARRAY, DIM, MASK)
    • IANY_PREFIX(ARRAY, DIM, MASK, SEGMENT, EXCLUSIVE)
    • IANY_SCATTER(ARRAY,BASE,INDX1, ..., INDXn, MASK)
    • IANY_SUFFIX(ARRAY, DIM, MASK, SEGMENT, EXCLUSIVE)
    • IPARITY(ARRAY, DIM, MASK)
    • IPARITY_PREFIX(ARRAY, DIM, MASK, SEGMENT, EXCLUSIVE)
    • IPARITY_SCATTER(ARRAY,BASE,INDX1, ..., INDXn, MASK)
    • IPARITY_SUFFIX(ARRAY, DIM, MASK, SEGMENT, EXCLUSIVE)
    • LEADZ(I)
    • MAXVAL_PREFIX(ARRAY, DIM, MASK, SEGMENT, EXCLUSIVE)
    • MAXVAL_SCATTER(ARRAY,BASE,INDX1, ..., INDXn, MASK)
    • MAXVAL_SUFFIX(ARRAY, DIM, MASK, SEGMENT, EXCLUSIVE)
    • MINVAL_PREFIX(ARRAY, DIM, MASK, SEGMENT, EXCLUSIVE)
    • MINVAL_SCATTER(ARRAY,BASE,INDX1, ..., INDXn, MASK)
    • MINVAL_SUFFIX(ARRAY, DIM, MASK, SEGMENT, EXCLUSIVE)
    • PARITY(MASK, DIM)
    • PARITY_PREFIX(MASK, DIM, SEGMENT, EXCLUSIVE)
    • PARITY_SCATTER(MASK,BASE,INDX1, ..., INDXn)
    • PARITY_SUFFIX(MASK, DIM, SEGMENT, EXCLUSIVE)
    • POPCNT(I)
    • POPPAR(I)
    • PRODUCT_PREFIX(ARRAY, DIM, MASK, SEGMENT, EXCLUSIVE)
    • PRODUCT_SCATTER(ARRAY,BASE,INDX1, ..., INDXn, MASK)
    • PRODUCT_SUFFIX(ARRAY, DIM, MASK, SEGMENT, EXCLUSIVE)
    • SUM_PREFIX(ARRAY, DIM, MASK, SEGMENT, EXCLUSIVE)
    • SUM_SCATTER(ARRAY,BASE,INDX1, ..., INDXn, MASK)
    • SUM_SUFFIX(ARRAY, DIM, MASK, SEGMENT, EXCLUSIVE)
• Extrinsic Procedures
  • Overview
  • Definition and Invocation of Extrinsic Procedures
  • Requirements on the Called Extrinsic Procedure
• Storage and Sequence Association
  • Storage Association
    • Definitions
    • Examples of Definitions
    • Sequence Directives
    • Storage Association Rules
    • Storage Association Discussion
    • Examples of Storage Association
  • Argument Passing and Sequence Association
    • Sequence Association Rules
    • Discussion of Sequence Association
    • Examples of Sequence Association
• Subset High Performance Fortran
  • Fortran 90 Features in Subset High Performance Fortran
  • Discussion of the Fortran 90 Subset Features
  • HPF Features Not in Subset High Performance Fortran
  • Discussion of the HPF Extension Subset
• Coding Local Routines in HPF and Fortran 90
• Conventions for Local Subprograms
  • Conventions for Calling Local Subprograms
  • Calling Sequence
  • Information Available to the Local Procedure
• Local Routines Written in HPF
  • Restrictions
  • Argument Association
  • HPF Local Routine Library
    • Accessing Dummy Arguments by Blocks
    • GLOBAL_ALIGNMENT(ARRAY, ...)
    • GLOBAL_DISTRIBUTION(ARRAY, ...)
    • GLOBAL_TEMPLATE(ARRAY, ...)
    • GLOBAL_LBOUND(ARRAY, DIM)
    • GLOBAL_SHAPE(SOURCE)
    • GLOBAL_SIZE(ARRAY, DIM)
    • GLOBAL_UBOUND(ARRAY, DIM)
    • ABSTRACT_TO_PHYSICAL(ARRAY, INDEX, PROC)
    • PHYSICAL_TO_ABSTRACT(ARRAY, PROC, INDEX)
    • LOCAL_TO_GLOBAL(ARRAY, L_INDEX, G_INDEX)
    • GLOBAL_TO_LOCAL(ARRAY, G_INDEX, L_INDEX, LOCAL, NCOPIES, PROCS)
  • MY_PROCESSOR()
  • LOCAL_BLKCNT(ARRAY, DIM, PROC)
  • LOCAL_LINDEX(ARRAY, DIM, PROC)
  • LOCAL_UINDEX(ARRAY, DIM, PROC)
• Local Routines Written in Fortran 90
  • Argument Association
• Example HPF Extrinsic Procedures
• Coding Single Processor Routines in HPF
• Conventions for Uniprocessor Subprograms
  • Calling Sequence
• Serial Routines Written in HPF
  • Restrictions
• Intrinsic and Library Procedures
• Example HPF_SERIAL Extrinsic Procedure
• Syntax Rules
• High Performance Fortran Terms and Concepts
  • Syntax of Directives
• Data Alignment and Distribution Directives
  • Syntax of Data Alignment and Distribution Directives
  • DISTRIBUTE and REDISTRIBUTE Directives
  • ALIGN and REALIGN Directives
  • DYNAMIC Directive
  • PROCESSORS Directive
  • TEMPLATE Directive
  • INHERIT Directive
• Data Parallel Statements and Directives
  • The FORALL Statement
  • The FORALL Construct
  • Pure Procedures
  • The INDEPENDENT Directive
• Extrinsic Procedures
  • Definition and Invocation of Extrinsic Procedures
• Storage and Sequence Association
  • Storage Association
• Syntax Cross-reference
• Nonterminal Symbols That Are Defined
• Nonterminal Symbols That Are Not Defined
• Terminal Symbols
• References
• About this document ...

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